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L2 Voter Files: Home

About L2 Voter

L2 Voter MapThe University of Pennsylvania Libraries has purchased a subscription to L2 Data, which provides voter files on over 200 million voters plus 2.3 billion voter history records. This is a continuously updated database of every registered voter in the United States. It includes basic socio-demographic indicators (some modeled), party affiliation, voting history, and more.

Our subscription includes:

  • Voter mapping visualization of current voter files.
  • Individual U.S. state data from spring 2022 to the present.
  • Sharepoint site with voter data update schedule.
  • A spreadsheet that describes the variables.

The Penn Libraries license is only for the L2 Voter files. We do not have licenses for any other L2 data products.

The data is available to the Penn academic community, including faculty, graduate students, and undergraduates.

How to Access L2

To access L2 Data, please complete this "Terms of Use" form.

 Please read the following IRB information.

  • L2 Voter Mapping data is not publicly available or free of all identifying information. Therefore, its use falls under Penn IRB's 'Exempt Category 4, Secondary research uses of identifiable private information or biospecimens."  
  • Although L2 data falls under an exempt category, Penn policy does not permit researchers to 'self-exempt' from the IRB process, so a submission to the IRB is required for initial review to confirm the exempt status of your study or research.
  • You submit under "Exempt Category 4" using the IRB online application, HSERA (If you have problems accessing the application with Chrome, please switch to Microsoft Edge). The IRB has login information and a walkthrough here: https://irb.upenn.edu/homepage/how-to-submit/initial-submission/
  • If you have any problems or questions with the submission process, the Library's IRB contact is Dr. Diana Floegel (floegeld@upenn.edu). Dr. Floegel reviews all research uses of L2 data.
  • Please email Lauris Olson (olson@pobox.upenn.edu) when you receive notice that your IRB application has been reviewed and approved. You will then receive an email inviting you to create a login to the L2 Voter Mapping website (also called Data Mapping). The Library will configure your login, allowing you to download batch records from the website. 

Frequenty Asked Questions (FAQ)

Voter files are publicly available government records of adults registered to vote in the United States who cast ballots in past elections. However, the term “voter file” typically describes any database of eligible voters used by a campaign or political organization. At a minimum, a voter file includes the voter's name, contact information, demographic information, and political affiliation.
L2 data collects publicly available voter files from each state and gathers them into a standardized format to make it easier to navigate for analysis. They collect data from minor and major elections, parties, districts, credit bureaus, telecom companies, and government sources. Its voter files include nearly 95 million cell phones nationwide. Their visualization tools provide additional geographic, electoral, and demographic data.
Voter file data indicates who voted in a given election. However, it does not tell you which candidate they voted for.

L2 Data provides hundreds of voter variables for study in the following areas. To review all variables in the dataset, go to the L2 Voter Data Dictionary.

  • Individual Data
  • Hobbies and Interests
  • Voter History
  • Household Information
  • Boundaries

More detailed descriptions of L2 Voter Files dataset variables are provided on the L2 documentation page.

L2 provides a Training Center with several helpful videos to get you started. The L2 Data YouTube channel also provides videos for learning L2.

L2 has also produced a PDF document that works through the L2 VoterMapping website's visualization tools:

Librarian

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Lonya Humphrey
Contact:
Van Pelt-Dietrich Library Center
University of Pennsylvania Libraries
(215) 898-3491

Librarian

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Lauris Olson
Contact:
University of Pennsylvania Libraries
203 Van Pelt-Dietrich Library Center
University of Pennsylvania
3420 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6206
U.S.A.
215-898-0119
Website
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(215) 898-7555